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Словарь Сутр

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91

yatna m. activity of will , volition , aspiring after Kan2. Bha1sha1p. ; performance , work Bhar. ; (also pl.) effort , exertion , energy , zeal , trouble , pains , care , endeavour after (loc. or comp.) Mn. MBh. &c. (%{yatnaM} with %{kR} , %{A-sthA} , %{samA-sthA} , %{A-dhA} and loc. or inf. , `" to make an effort or attempt "' , take trouble or pains for "' ; %{yatnena} or %{-tnais} , `" with effort "' , `" carefully "' , `" eagerly "' , `" strenuously "' [also %{yatna} ibc.] ; %{yatnenA7pi} , `" in spite of every effort "' ; %{yatnair@vinA} , `" without effсeffort "' ; %{yatnAt} , with or notwithstanding effсeffort ; %{mahato@yatnAt} "' , with great effсeffort "' , `" very carefully "') ; a special or express remark or statement A1pS3r. Sch.

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dIrgha mf(%{A})n. (compar. %{drA4ghIyas} , superl. %{drA4ghiSTha} [qq. vv.] ; rarely %{dirghatara} [Pan5c. iv , 13/14] and %{-tama} [BhP. vii , 5 , 44]) long (in space and time) , lofty , high , tall ; deep RV. AV. Br. &c. ; long (in prosody) Pra1t. Mn. &c. ; (%{a4m}) ind. long , for a long time (superl. %{-atamam} BhP. iii , 1 , 37) ; m. along vowel Gobh. ii , 8 , 15 Ka1tyS3r. &c. ; a camel L. ; Saccharum Sara ; Shorea Robusta = %{utkaTa} , %{rAma-zara} &c. L. ; a mystical N. of the letter %{a} Up. ; the 5th or 6th or 7th or 8th sign of the zodiac Jyot. ; N. of a prince of Magadha MBh. i , 4451 ; of S3iva MBh. xiii , 1158 ; (%{A}) f. an oblong tank (cf. %{-ghikA}) R. v , 16 , 27 ; a kind of plant= %{-pattrA} L. ; a mystical N. of the letter %{n} Up. ; n. a species of grass L. ; N. of a Sa1man A1rshBr. [Fr. %{drAgh} ; cf. also Gk. $ ; Sl. {dlu8gu8}.]

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kAla 2 m. (3. %{kal} , `" to calculate or enumerate "') , [ifc. f. %{A} RPra1t.] , a fixed or right point of time , a space of time , time (in general) AV. xix , 53 & 54 S3Br. &c. ; the proper time or season for (gen. dat. loc. , in comp. , inf. , or Pot. with %{yad} e.g. %{kAlaH@prasthAnasya} or %{-nAya} or %{-ne} , time for departure ; %{kriyA-kAla} , time for action Sus3r. ; %{nA7yaM@kAlo@vilambitum} , this is not the time to delay Nal. ; %{kAlo@yad@bhuJjIta@bhavAn} , it is time for you to eat Pa1n2. 3-3 , 168 Ka1s3.) S3Br. MBh. &c. ; occasion , circumstance MBh. xii , 2950 Mr2icch. ; season R. &c. ; meal-time (twice a day , hence %{ubhau@kAlau} , `" in the morning and in the evening "' MBh. i , 4623 ; %{SaSThe@kAle} , `" in the evening of the third day "' MBh. ; %{SaSThA7nna-kAla} , `" one who eats only at the sixth meal-time , i.e. who passes five meals without eating and has no meal till the evening of the third day "' Mn. xi , 200 ; or without %{anna} e.g. %{caturtha-kAlam} , `" at the fourth meal-time i.e. at the evening of the second day "' Mn. xi , 109) ; hour (hence %{SaSThe@kAle@'hnaH} , `" at the sixth hour of the day , i.e. at noon "' Vikr.) ; a period of time , time of the world (= %{yuga}) Ra1jat. ; measure of time , prosody Pra1t. Pa1n2. ; a section , part VPra1t. ; the end ChUp. ; death by age Sus3r. ; time (as leading to events , the causes of which are imperceptible to the mind of man) , destiny , fate MBh. R. &c. ; time (as destroying all things) , death , time of death (often personified and represented with the attributes of Yama , regent of the dead , or even identified with him: hence %{kAlam-i} or %{kAlaM-kR} , `" to die "' MBh. &c. ; %{kAla} in this sense is frequently connected with %{antaka} , %{mRtyu} e.g. %{abhy-adhAvata@prajAH@kAla@ivA7ntakaH} , `" he attacked the people like Time the destroyer "' R. iii , 7 , 9 ; cf. %{kAlA7ntaka} ; %{kAla} personified is also a Devarshi in Indra's court , and a son of Dhruva MBh. i , 2585 Hariv. VP.) ; (%{am}) acc. ind. for a certain time (e.g. %{mahAntaM@kAlam} , for a long time Pan5cat.) [278,2] ; %{nitya-k-} , constantly , always Mn. ii , 58 and 73 ; %{dIrgha-k-} , during a long time Mn. viii , 145 ; (%{ena}) instr. ind. in the course of time Mn. ix , 246 MBh. &c. ; with %{gacchatA} id. VP. ; %{dIrgheNa@kAlena} , during a long time MBh. ; after a long time R. i , 45 , 40 ; %{kAlena@mahatA} or %{bahunA} id. ; (%{At}) abl. ind. in the course of time Mn. viii , 251 ; %{kAlasya@dIrghasya} or %{mahataH} id. Mn. MBh. &c. ; %{kasya-cit@kAlasya} , after some time MBh. i , 5299 Hariv. ; (%{e4}) loc. ind. in time , seasonably RV. x , 42 , 9 S3Br. (cf. %{a-kAle}) ; %{kAle@gacchati} , in the course of time ; %{kAle@yAte} , after some time ; %{kAle@kAle} , always in time MBh. i , 1680 Ragh. iv , 6 ; [cf. $ ; Lat. {calen-doe}: Hib. {ceal} , `" death and everything terrible. "']

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nairantarya n. uninterruptedness , close succession , continuousness , compactness Das3. Yogas. (%{-yeNa} ind. uninterruptedly , continually S3am2k. Pan5c.) [570,2] ; immediate consequence Sarvad.

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95

satkAra m. (sg. or pl.) kind treatment , honour , favour , reverence (with %{pazcima} = %{-karaNa} Hariv. ; %{rAja-sat-k-} , `" the favour of a king "' R.) Mn. MBh. &c. ; hospitable treatment , hospitality ib. ; feasting (or = `" a meal "') , festival , religious observance MW. ; care , attention , consideration of or regard for a thing Yogas. ; w.r. for %{saMskAra} Hariv. ; %{-rA7rha} mfn. worthy of hospitable treatment Nal.

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96

Asevita mfn. frequented ; practised assiduously.

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dRDha or (%{dRLha4}) mfn. fixed , firm , hard , strong , solid , massive RV. AV. S3Br. MBh. &c. ; firmly fastened , shut fast , tight , close (e.g. ship , 52 , 5 ; bonds , fetters , chains Hit. i , 67/68 Mr2icch.vii , 6/7 ; fist MBh. iv , 1976) ; whole , complete (opp. to %{bhinna}) MBh. xiii , 7453 ; difficult to be bent (bow ChUp. i , 3 , 5) ; steady , resolute , persevering Hariv. Katha1s. ; confirmed , established , certain , sure Mn. MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; intense , violent , mighty MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; (in mathem.) reduced to the last term or smallest number by a common divisor ; m. (in music) a kind of Ru1paka ; N. of a son of the 13th Manu Hariv. ; of a son of Dhr2ita-ra1sht2ra MBh. vii ; (%{A}) f. N. of a Buddh. goddess ; n. anything fixed or firm or solid ; stronghold , fortress RV. &c. ; iron L. ; (%{a4m}) ind. firmly , fast AV. MBh. R. &c. (comp. %{-taram} Prab. iv , 11) ; steadily , perseveringly , thoroughly , much , very well MBh. Ka1v. BhP. &c.

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bhUmi f. (Ved. also nom. %{bhU4mI} gen. abl. %{-myAs} loc. %{-myAm}) the earth , soil , ground RV. &c. &c. ; (pl. divisions of the world ; cf. %{bhUmi-traya}) ; a territory. country , district ib. ; a place , situation S3Br. &c. &c. ; position , posture , attitude MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; the part or personification (played by an actor) Katha1s. ; the , floor of a house , story Megh. Katha1s. ; the area S3ulbas. ; the base of any geometrical figure Col. ; (metaph.) a step , degree , stage Yogas. (with Buddhists there are 10 or 13 stages of existence or perfection Dharmas. 45 ; 46) ; extent , limit Kir. ; (ifc.) a matter , subject , object , receptacle i.e. fit object or person for (cf. %{vizvAsa-} , %{sneha-bh-} &c. , and %{pAtra} , %{bhAjana}) ; the tongue L. ; m. N. of a son or grandson of Yuyudha1na and father of Yugam2dhara Hariv. VP.

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dRSTa mfn. seen , looked at , beheld , perceived , noticed Mn. MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; visible , apparent AV. VS. ; considered , regarded , treated , used S3ak. iii , 7 Pan5c. i , 401/402 ; appeared , manifested , occurring , existing , found , real Ka1v. Pan5c. Hit. ; experienced , learnt , known , understood MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; seen in the mind , devised , imagined MBh. R. ; allotted , destined ib. ; settled , decided , fixed , acknowledged , valid Mn. Ya1jn5. MBh. &c. ; n. perception , observation Sa1m2khyak. Tattvas. ; (scil. %{bhaya}) a real or obvious danger.

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2 anuzrava m. Vedic tradition (acquired by repeated hearing) L.
3 Anuzrava mfn. according to hearing , resting on tradition , derived from the Veda or tradition BhP.
4 Anuzravika and mfn. id.
5 AnuzrAvika mfn. id.

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22 vitRSNa mf(%{A})n. id. MBh. ; free from desire , not desirous of (comp.) BhP. ; (%{A}) f. = next BhP. (cf. under %{vi-tRS}) ; %{-tA} f. %{-tva} n. freedom from desire , satiety Ka1v.
23 vitRSNA f. (cf. p. 950 , col. 3) thirst for , ardent desire BhP. ; N. of a river VP.

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34 saMjJA P. A1. %{-jAnAti} , %{-jAnIte} , (A1.) to agree together , be of the same opinion , be in harmony with (loc. ; accord. to Pa1n2. 2-3 , 22 , also instr. or acc.) RV. AV. VS. S3Br. ; (A.) to obey (dat.) AitBr. ; (A1.) to appoint , assign , intend (for any purpose) , destine ib. ; (only ind. p. %{-jJAya}) to direct , order , command Hariv. ; to acknowledge , recognize , own Pa1n2. 1-3 , 46 Sch. ; (P.) to acknowledge or claim as one's own , take possession of SaddhP. ; (P.) to think of. recollect sorrowfully (with acc. or gen.) Pa1n2. Vop. ; A1. to know well , understand R. ; to watch for Bhat2t2.: Caus. %{-jJA8payati} , %{-te} , to cause to be of the same opinion or agree together AV. AitBr. ; to cause to acquiesce or agree in (euphemistically said of a sacrificial victim , which ought not to be led forcibly to its death but made to resign itself) S3Br. Gr2S3rS. MBh. BhP. ; to appease , satisfy MBh. Ka1lid. ; to make to be understood or known , cause to understand S3Br. ; to make signs to (acc.) , communicate or make anything known by signs Mr2icch. Hcar. ; to command , enjoin , instruct Hariv. [1133,3]
35 saMjJa 2 mfn. (ifc. for %{saM-jJA} e.g. %{labdha-saMjJa} , `" one who has recovered consciousness "' MBh. ; %{-tA} f. `" recovery of cсconsciousness "' Ven2is.) ; (%{A}) f. see below ; n. a yellow fragrant wood , yellow sanders L.
36 saMjJA f. (ifc. f. %{A}) agreement , mutual understanding , harmony TBr. S3Br. Katha1s. ; consciousness , clear knowledge or understanding or notion or conception S3Br. &c. &c. ; a sign , token , signal , gesture (with the hand , eyes &c. ; %{saMjJAm-kR} or %{dA} , `" to give a signal "') MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; direction (in %{a-kRtas-} , `" one who has received no dсdirection "') MBh. ; a track , footstep BhP. ; a name , appellation , title , technical term (ifc. = `" called , named "') Nir. Mn. MBh. &c. ; (in gram.) the name of anything thought of as standing by itself , any noun having a special meaning (%{saMjJAyAm} therefore denotes `" [used] in some peculiar sense rather than in its strictly etymological meaning "' e.g. as a proper name) Pa1n2. 1-1 , 34 ; 2 , 53 &c. ; a technical expression in grammar (see %{-sUtra}) ; (with Buddhists) perception (one of the 5 Skandhas q.v.) Dharmas. 22 MWB. 109 ; N. of the Ga1yatri1 (q.v.) L. ; of a partic. high number Buddh. ; N. of a daughter of Tvasht2r2i or Vis3va-karman (the wife of the Sun and mother of Manu , Yama and Yami1) Hariv. Pur.

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103

puruSa m. (m. c. also %{pU4r-} ; prob. fr. %{pRR} and connected with %{puru} , %{pUru} ifc. f. %{A} , rarely %{I} ; cf. Pa1n2. 4-i , 24) a man , male , human being (pl. people , mankind) RV. &c. &c. ; a person , (%{pumAn@puruSaH} , a male person S3a1n3khGr2. Mn. ; %{daNDaHp-} , punishment personified Mn. ; esp. grammatical pers. ; with %{prathama} , %{madhyama} , %{uttama} = the 3rd , 2nd , 1st pers. Nir. Pa1n2.) , an officer , functionary , attendant , servant Mn. MBh. &c. (cf. %{tat-p-}) ; a friend L. ; a follower of the Sa1m2khya Philosophy (?) L. ; a member or representative of a race or generation TS. Br. Mn. &c. ; the height or measure of a man (= 5 Aratnis = 120 An3gulas) S3Br. S3ulbas. Var. ; the pupil of the eye S3Br. ; (also with %{nArAyaNa}) the primaeval man as the soul and original source of the universe (described in the Purusba-su7kta q.v.) RV. S3Br. &c. ; the personal and animating principle in men and other beings , the soul or spirit AV. &c. &c. ; the Supreme Being or Soul of the universe (sometimes with %{para} , %{parama} , or %{uttama} ; also identified with Brahma1 , Vishn2u , S3iva and Durga1) VS. S3Br. &c. &c. ; (in Sa1m2kbya) the Spirit as passive and a spectator of the Prakr2iti or creative force IW. 82 &c. ; the , `" spirit "' or fragrant exhalation of plants RV. x , 51 , 8 ; (with %{sapta}) N. of the divine or active principles from the minute portions of which the universe was formed Mn. i , 19 ; N. of a Pa1da in the Mahsna1mni1 verses La1t2y. ; of the Ist , 3rd , 5th , 7th , 9th and 11th signs of the zodiac Jyot. ; of a son of Manu Ca1kshusha BhP. ; of one of the 18 attendants of the sun L. ; pl. men , people (cf. above) ; N. of the Bra1hmans of Kraun5ca-dvipa BhP. ; (with %{paJca}) N. of 5 princely personages or miraculous persons born under partic. constellations , Var ; Rottleria Tinctoria L. ; Clerodendrum Phlomoides L. ; (%{I}) f. a woman , female RV. &c. &c. ; m. or n. = %{puruSaka} m. n. S3is3. v , 56 Sch. ; n. (!) N. of mount Meru L.

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khyAti f. `" declaration "' , opinion , view , idea , assertion BhP. xi , 16 , 24 Sarvad. xv , 201 ; perception , knowledge Yogas. Tattvas. (= %{buddhi}) Sarvad. ; renown , fame , celebrity Mn. xii , 36 MBh. iii , 8273 R. &c. ; a name , denomination , title MBh. i ; xiv R. iii , 4 , 17 ; Celebrity (personified as daughter of Daksha VP. i , 7 , 23 ; 8 , 14 f. ; 9 f. ; or of Kardama BhP. iii , 24 , 23) Hariv. 7740 ; N. of a river in Kraun5ca-dvi1pa VP. ii , 4 , 55 ; m. N. of a son of U1ru by A1gneyi1 (v.l. %{svAti}) Hariv. 73 VP. i ; of a son of the 4th Manu BhP. viii , 1 , 27.

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guNa m. ( %{grah} Un2.) a single thread or strand of a cord or twine (e.g. %{tri-g-} q.v.) , string or thread , rope TS. vii Mr2icch. Kum. Ragh. ; a garland W. ; a bow-string R. iii , 33 , 16 (%{cApa-}) Ragh. ix , 54 R2itus. Hit. ; (in geom.) a sinew ; the string of a musical instrument , chord S3is3. iv , 57: ifc. (f. %{A}) with numerals `" fold , times "' (see %{ca4tur-} , %{tri-} , %{daza-} , %{dvi4-} , %{paJca-} ; rarely the numeral stands by itself along with %{guNa4} [e.g. %{viziSTo@dazabhir@guNaiH} , `" of ten times higher value "' Mn. ii , 85] AV. x , 8 , 43 MBh. iii , 15649 Hariv. 509 ; [%{guNa} = %{bhAga}] Pa1n2. 5-2 , 47 Ka1s3.) ; a multiplier , co-efficient (in alg.) ; subdivision , species , kind (e.g. %{gandhasya@guNAH} , the different kinds of smell MBh. xii , 6847) ; the 6 subdivisions of action for a king in foreign politics (viz. peace , war , march , halt , stratagem , and recourse to the protection of a mightier king) Mn. vii , 160 Ya1jn5. i , 346 MBh. ii , 155 ; = %{upA7ya} (q.v. , denoting the 4 ways of conquering an enemy) R. v , 81 , 41 ; `" requisite "' see %{-No7pe7ta} ; a secondary element , subordinate or unessential part of any action (e.g. %{sarva-g-} mfn. `" reaching to all subordinate parts "' , hence `" valid throughout "' Ka1tyS3r.) S3a1n3khS3r. A1s3vS3r. Ka1tyS3r. R. v , 1 , 71 ; an auxiliary act S3a1n3khBr. xxvi , 4 ; a secondary dish (opposed to %{anna} i.e. rice or the chief dish) , side-dish Mn. iii , 224 ff. ; (= %{-karman} , in Gr.) the secondary or less immediate object of an action Pa1n2. 1-4 , 51 Sch. ; a quality , peculiarity , attribute or property La1t2y. S3a1n3khGr2. Mn. iii , ix , &c. ; an attribute of the 5 elements (each of which has its own peculiar quality or qualities as well as organ of sense ; thus 1. ether has %{zabda} , or sound for its Gun2a and the ear for its organ ; 2. the air has tangibility and sound for its Gun2as and the skin for its organ ; 3. fire or light has shape or colour , tangibility , and sound for its Gun2as , and the eye for its organs ; 4. water has flavour , shape , tangibility , and sound for its Gun2as , and the tongue for its organ ; 5. earth has the preceding Gun2as , with the addition of its own peculiar Gun2a of smell , and the nose for its organ) Mn. i , 20 and 76-78 MBh. xii , 6846 ff. S3ak. i , 1 BhP. iii , 5 , 35 ; (in S3a1m2khya phil.) an ingredient or constituent of Prakr2iti , chief quality of all existing beings (viz. %{sattva} , %{rajas} , and %{tamas} i.e. goodness , passion , and darkness , or virtue , foulness , and ignorance ; cf. RTL. pp. 31 ; 36 ; 163) Mn. i ; iii , 40 ; xii , 24 ff. Sa1m2khyak. Bhag. xiii f. ; (hence) the number `" three "' VarBr2S. iic , 1 ; a property or characteristic of all created things (in Nya1ya phil. twenty-four Gun2as are enumerated , viz. 1. %{rUpa} , shape , colour ; 2. %{rasa} , savour ; 3. %{gandha} , odour ; 4. %{sparza} , tangibility ; 5. %{saMkhyA} , number ; 6. %{parimANa} , dimension ; 7. %{pRthaktva} , severalty ; 8. %{saMyoga} , conjunction ; 9. %{vibhAga} , disjunction ; 10. %{paratva} , remoteness ; 11. %{aparatva} , proximity ; 12. %{gurutva} , weight ; 13. %{dravatva} , fluidity ; 14. %{sneha} , viscidity ; 15. %{zabda} , sound ; 16. %{buddhi} or %{jJAna} , understanding or knowledge ; 17. %{sukha} , pleasure ; 18. %{duHkha} , pain ; 19. %{icchA} , desire ; 20. %{dveSa} , aversion ; 21. %{prayatna} , effort ; 22. %{dharma} , merit or virtue ; 23. %{adharma} , demerit ; 24. %{saMskAra} , the self-reproductive quality) ; an epithet Ka1tyS3r. ; good quality , virtue , merit , excellence Mn. MBh. &c. ; the merit of composition (consistency , elegance of expression , &c.) Ka1vya7d. i , 41 f. Kpr. viii Sa1h. viii ; the peculiar properties of the letters (11 in number , viz. the 8 %{bAhya-prayatnAs} [q.v.] and the 3 accents) Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 1-1 , 9 and 50 (cf. %{-mAtra}) ; the first gradation of a vowel , the vowels %{a} (with %{ar} , %{al} Pa1n2. 1-1 , 51) , %{e} , %{o} Nir. x , 17 RPra1t. xi , 6 Pa1n2. ; an organ of sense L. ; a cook (cf. %{-kAra}) L. ; Bhi1ma-sena (cf. %{-kAra}) L. ; (%{A}) f. Sanseviera Roxburghiana L. ; the plant %{mAMsarohiNI} L. ; N. of a princess Ra1jat. iv , 695 (cf. %{nir-} , %{vi-} , %{sa-} ; %{gauNa}.)

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106

1 vitark P. %{-tarkayati} , to reflect , ponder , think , believe , suppose , conjecture , consider as or take for (acc.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; to find out , ascertain Katha1s.
2 vitarka m. conjecture , supposition , guess , fancy , imagination , opinion MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; doubt , uncertainty Yogas. Sarvad. ; a dubious or questionable matter Yogas. ; reasoning , deliberation , consideration Ka1v. Sa1h. ; purpose , intention Ja1takam. ; a teacher , instructor in divine knowledge W. ; a partic. class of Yogi1s Ja1takam. ; N. of a son of Dhr2ita-ra1sht2ra MBh. ; pl. N. of the five principal sins Ja1takam. ; %{-padavI} f. the path of conjecture or supposition Prab. ; %{-vat} mfn. (speech) containing a cсconjecture or sсsupposition Das3ar.
3 vitarkaNa n. reasoning , conjecture , doubt L.

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vicAra m. (ifc. f. %{A}) mode of acting or proceeding , procedure (also = a single or particular case) S3rS. ; change of place Gobh. ; pondering , deliberation , consideration , reflection , examination , investigation RPra1t. MBh. &c. ; doubt , hesitation R. Katha1s. BhP. ; a probable conjecture Sa1h. ; dispute , discussion W. ; prudence MW. ; %{-kartR} m. one who makes investigation , a judge , investigator W. ; %{-cintAmaNi} m. N. of wk. ; %{-jJa} mfn. knowing how to discriminate or judge , able to decide on the merits of a case , a judge MW. ; %{-driz} mfn. `" employing no spies for eyes "' (see %{cAra}) , and `" looking at a matter with consideration "' Naish. ; %{-nirNaya} m. N. of wk. ; %{-para} m. N. of a king , S3in6ha7s. ; %{-bhU} f. a tribunal L. ; the judgment-seat of Yama (judge of the dead) W. ; %{-maJjarI} f. %{-mAlA} f. N. of wks. ; %{-mUDha} mfn. foolish or mistaken in judgment Ragh. Hit. ; %{-vat} mfn. proceeding with consideration , considerate , prudent S3atr. Ka1v. ; %{-vid} m. (prob.) `" knowing how to discriminate "'N. of S3iva MBh. ; %{-zAstra} n. N. of wk. ; %{-zIla} , disposed to deliberation or reflection , considerate , deliberative MW. ; %{-sudhA7kara} m. %{-dhA7rNava} m. N. of wks. [958,3] ; %{-sthala} n. a place for discussion or investigation , tribunal MW. ; a logical disputation W. ; %{-rA7rka-saMgraha} m. N. of wk. ; %{-rA7rthasamAgama} m. assembly for the sake of trial or judgment , an assembly for investigation or discussion MW. ; %{-ro7kti} f. discriminating speech L.

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108

Ananda m. happiness , joy , enjoyment , sensual pleasure RV. AV. VS. R. Ragh. &c. ; m. and (%{am}) n. `" pure happiness "' , one of the three attributes of A1tman or Brahman in the Veda1nta philosophy Veda1ntas. &c. ; m. (in dram.) the thing wished for , the end of the drama [e.g. the VIth Act in the Ven2is.] Sa1h. 399 ; a kind of flute ; the sixteenth Muhu1rta ; N. of S3iva ; of a Lokes3vara (Buddh.) ; of a Bala (Jain.) L. ; of several men ; of a country ; m. and (%{am}) n. N. of the forty-eighth year of the cycle of Jupiter ; (%{A} and %{I}) f. N. of two plants L. ; (%{A}) f. N. of Gauri1 L. ; (%{am}) n. a kind of house ; (often at the beginning and end of proper names.)

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109

kliSTa mfn. (Pa1n2. 7-2 , 50) molested , tormented , afflicted , distressed R. Ma1lav. S3ak. &c. ; wearied , hurt , injured , being in bad condition , worn R. S3ak. Megh. Sus3r. ; connected with pain or suffering KapS. ii , 33 Yogas. Pan5cat. ; (in rhet.) forced , obscure , not easily intelligible (cf. %{klez}) Sa1h. Prata1par. Va1m. ii , 1 , 21 ff. ; (%{am}) ind. in distress BhP. i , 9 , 12.

akliSTa mfn. untroubled ; undisturbed ; unwearied.

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asmitA f. egoism Yogas. Comm. on S3is3. iv , 55 , &c.

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rUpa n. (perhaps connected with %{varpa} , %{varpas} ; ifc. f. %{A} , rarely %{I}) any outward appearance or phenomenon or colour (often pl.) , form , shape , figure RV. &c. &c. (%{rUpeNa} ifc. in the form of [886,1] ; %{rUpam-kR} or %{bhU} , to assume a form ; often ifc. = `" having the form or appearance or colour of "' , `" formed or composed of "' , `" consisting of "' , `" like to "' ; sometimes used after an adj. or p.p. to emphasize its meaning or almost redundantly cf. %{ghora-r-} ; or connected with a verb e.g. %{pacati-rUpam} , he cooks very well cf. Pa1n2. 8-1 , 57) ; dreamy or phantom shapes (pl.) VS. S3Br. ; handsome form , loveliness , grace , beauty , splendour RV. &c. &c. ; nature , character , peculiarity , feature , mark , sign , symptom VS. &c. &c. ; likeness , image , reflection Mn. Katha1s. ; circumstances (opp. to `" time "' and `" place "') Mn. viii , 45 ; sort , kind R. Sus3r. ; mode , manner , way Kap. ; (ifc.) trace of. R. ; a single specimen or exemplar (and therefore a term for the number `" one "') VarBr2S. Gan2it. ; a partic. coin (prob. a rupee) VarBr2S. ; a show , play , drama Das3ar. ; (in alg.) the arithmetical unit ; (pl.) integer number ; known or absolute number , a known quantity as having specific form (and expressed by %{rU} i.e. first syllable of %{rUpa}) IW. 182 ; (in gram.) any form of a noun or verb (as inflected by declension or conjugation) Pa1n2. 1-1 , 68 &c. ; (in phil.) the quality of colour (one of the 17 or 24 Gun2as of the Vais3eshikas) IW. 68 ; (with Buddhists) material form i.e. the organized body (as one of the 5 constituent elements or Skandhas) Dharmas. 22 MWB. 109 ; (in dram.) a reflection or remark made under partic. circumstances when the action is at its height (%{garbhe}) Bhar. Das3ar. &c. ; (only L.) cattle ; a beast ; a sound , word ; rereading a book (= %{granthA7vRtti}) ; m. a word of unknown meaning AV. xviii , 3 , 40 ; (pl.) N. of a people MBh. ; m. or n. N. of a place (v.l. %{rUma}) Cat. ; (%{A}) f. N. of a river VP.

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1 anugam cl. 1. P. %{-gacchati} , %{-gantum} , to go after , follow , seek , approach , visit , arrive ; to practise , observe , obey , imitate ; to enter into ; to die out , be extinguished: Caus. %{-gamayati} , to imitate cause to die out.

2 anugama m. or %{am} , following , going after in life or death

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1 samprajJA P. A1. %{-jAnati} , %{-janIte} , to distinguish , discern , recognize , know accurately or perfectly MBh. Hariv.
2 samprajJAta mfn. distinguished , discerned , known accurately Yogas. ; %{-yogin} m. a Yogin who is still in a state of consciousness KapS. Sch. ; %{-tA7vasthA} f. the above state ib.

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1 virama m. cessation , end MBh. BhP. ; sunset S3is3. ix , 11 ; (ifc.) desistence or abstention from MBh.
2 virAma m. cessation , termination , end S3a1n3khGr2. Mn. &c. (acc. with %{yA} or %{pra-yA} , to come to an end , rest) ; end of a word or sentence , stop , pause (ifc. = ending with) , APra1t. Pa1n2. &c. ; end of or caesura with in a Pa1da S3rutab. ; (in gram.) , the stop "'N. of a small oblique stroke placed under a consonant to denote that it is quiescent i.e. that it has no vowel inherent or otherwise pronounced after it (this mark is sometimes used in the middle of conjunctions of consonants ; but its proper use , according to native grammarians , is only as a stop at the end of a sentence ending in a consonant) ; desistence , abstention Ka1s3. Vop. ; exhaustion , languor Car. ; N. of Vishn2u MBh. ; of S3iva S3ivag. ; %{-tA} f. cessation , abatement Pan5car.

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115

pUrva mf(%{A})n. (connected with %{purA} , %{puras} , %{pra} , and declined like a pron. when implying relative position whether in place or time , but not necessarily in abl. loc. sg. m. n. and nom. pl. m. ; see Pa1n2. 1-1 , 27 ; 34 ; vii , 1 , 16) being before or in front fore , first RV. &c. &c. ; eastern , to the east of (abl.) ib. ; former , prior , preceding , previous to , earlier than (abl. or comp.) ib. (%{gaja-pUrva} , preceding the number `" eight "' i.e. seven , the seventh S3rutab. ; %{mAsena@p-} , or %{mAsa-p-} , earlier by a month Pa1n2. 2-1 , 31 ; ifc. often = formerly or before e.g. %{strI-p-} , fсformerly a wife ; %{ADhya-p-} , fсformerly wealthy ; esp. after a pp. e.g. %{kRta-p-} , done before , %{dRSTa-p-} , seen bсbefore ; ifc. also preceded or accompanied by , attended with e.g. %{smita-pUrvA-vAk} , speech accompanied by smiles ; sometimes not translatable e.g. %{mRdu-pUrvA@vAk} , kind speech) ; ancient , old , customary , traditional RV. &c. &c. ; first (in a series) , initial , lowest (opp. to %{uttara} ; with %{dama} or %{sAhasa} `" the lowest fine "') Mn. viii , 120 &c. ; (with %{vayas}) `" first age "' , youth MBh. ; foregoing , aforesaid , mentioned before (abl.) Mn. MBh. Pa1n2. ; m. an ancestor , forefather (pl. the ancients , ancestors) RV. &c. &c. ; an elder brother R. ; N. of a prince BhP. ; (%{A}) f. (with or sc. %{diz}) the east MBh. R. ; N. of a country to the east of Madhya-des3a L. ; of the Nakshatras Pu1rva-phalgunt , Pu1rva7sha1d2ha1 and Pu1rvabhadrapada1 collectively Var. ; n. the fore part S3ak. ii , 4 (cf. Pa1n2. 2-2 , 1) ; a partic. high number (applied to a period of years) Buddh. ; N. of the most ancient of Jaina writings (of which 14 are enumerated) L. ; N. of a Tantra Cat. ; an ancient tradition W. ; (%{am}) ind. before (also as a prep. with abl.) , formerly , hitherto , previously (sometimes with pres.) RV. &c. &c. (often ibc. e.g. %{pUrva-kArin} , active before , %{pUrvo7kta} , said bсbefore ; also ifc. in the sense of `" with "' e.g. %{prIti-pUrvam} , with love ; %{mati-pUrvam} with intention , intentionally ; %{mRdu-pUrva-bhAS} , to speak kindly ; cf. above ; also with an ind. p. e.g. %{pUrva-bhojam} , or %{-bhuktvA} , having eaten bсbefore Pa1n2. 3-4 , 24 ; %{adya-p-} , until now , hitherto ; pсpreviously %{-tataH} , first-then ; %{pUrva-pazcAt} , previously-afterwards ; %{pUrva-upari} , previously-subsequently ; %{pUrva-adhUnA} or %{adya} , formerly-now) ; (%{eNa}) ind. in front , before ; eastward , to the east of (opp. to %{apareNa} , with gen. or acc. ; cf. Pa1n2. 5-3 , 35 Sch.) S3Br. &c. &c. ; (with %{tataH}) `" to the east of that "' MBh.

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pUrvaka mf(%{ikA})n. earlier , former , previous , prior , first MBh. Ka1v. &c. (%{strI-p-} , `" one who was formerly a woman "' , %{bhUta-p-} , `" having been before "' ; ifc. also = preceded or accompanied by , connected with , consisting in ; %{am} ind. = after , with , amid , according to) ; m. a forefather , ancestor Hariv. R. Ma1rkP.

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zeSa m. n. (fr. 2. %{ziS}) remainder , that which remains or is left , leavings , residue (pl. `" all the others "') , surplus , balance , the rest (%{zeSe} loc. `" for the rest "' , `" in all other cases "' ; %{zeSe@rAtrau} , `" during the rest of the night "' ; %{mama@zeSam@asti} , `" there remains something to happen to me "') ; that which has to be supplied (e.g. any word or words which have been omitted in a sentence ; %{iti@zeSaH} , `" so it was left to be supplied "' , a phrase commonly used by Comm. in supplying any words necessary to elucidate the text) ; that which is saved or spared or allowed to escape (nom. with %{as} , or %{bhU} , `" to be spared "' ; %{zeSaM-kR} "' , to spare "' , `" allow to escape "' ; %{zeSam@avA7p} `" to escape "') Mn. MBh. R. &c. ; remaining (used as an adj. at the end of adj. comp. [f. %{A}] , cf. %{kathA-z-} , %{kRtya-z-}) AitBr. &c. &c. ; remaining out of or from , left from (with abl. or loc. e.g. %{prayAtebhyo@ye@zeSAH} , `" the persons left out of those who had departed "' ; but mostly ifc. after a pp. in comp. e.g. %{bhukta-zeSa} , `" remaining from a meal "' , `" remnant of food "' ; %{hata-zeSAH} , `" those left out of the slain "' , `" the survivors "' &c.) Mn. MBh. &c. ; end , issue , conclusion , finish , result RV. 77 , 15 ; last , last-mentioned Ra1jat. ; a supplement , appendix Nir. iii , 13 ; a keepsake , token of remembrance Das3. ; secondary matter , accident Ka1tyS3r. Sch. ; death , destruction W. ; m. N. of a celebrated mythological thousand-headed serpent regarded as the emblem of eternity (whence he is also called An-anta "' , the infinite "' ; in the Vishn2u-Pura1n2a he and the serpents Va1suki and Takshaka are described as sons of Kadru , but in one place S3esha alone is called king of the Na1gas or snakes inhabiting Pa1ta1la , while elsewhere Va1suki also is described as king of the Nagas and Takshaka of the serpents ; the thousand headed S3esha is sometimes represented as forming the couch and canopy of Vishn2u whilst sleeping during the intervals of creation , sometimes as supporting the seven Pa1ta1las with the seven regions above them and therefore the entire world [1089,1] ; he is said to have taught astronomy to Garga ; according to some legends he became incarnate in Bala-ra1ma q.v.) MBh. Hariv. Pur. &c. (RTL. 105 ; 112 ; 232 n. r) ; N. of one of the Praja1-patis R. VP. ; of a Muni MW. ; (also with %{AcArya} , %{dIkSita} , %{zAstrin} &c.) of various authors (cf. below) ; of one of the mythical elephants that support the earth L. ; a kind of metre L. ; (%{A}) f. pl. the remains of flowers or other offerings made to an idol and afterwards distributed amongst the worshippers and attendants (sg. `" a garden made of the remains of flowers "') MBh. R. &c. ; (%{I}) f. N. of a woman Cat. ; n. see above.

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anya 2 %{as} , %{A} , %{at} , other , different ; other than , different from , opposed to (abl. or in comp.) ; another ; another person ; one of a number ; %{anya@anya} or %{eka@anya} , the one , the other ; %{anyac@ca} , and another , besides , moreover [cf. Zd. {anya} ; Armen. {ail} ; Lat. {alius} ; Goth. {aljis} , Theme {alja} ; Gk. $ &13802[45 ,2] for $ ; cf. also $].

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bhava m. ( %{bhU}) coming info existence , birth , production , origin (= %{bhAva} Vop. ; ifc. , with f. %{A} = arising or produced from , being in , relating to) Ya1jn5. MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; becoming , turning into (comp.) Ka1t2h. ; being , state of being , existence , life (= %{sat-tA} L.) S3a1rn3gP. (cf. %{bhavA7ntara}) ; worldly existence , the world (= %{saMsAra} L.) Ka1v. Pur. [749,1] ; (with Buddhists) continuity of becoming (a link in the twelvefold chain of causation) Dharmas. 42 (MWB. 102) ; well-being , prosperity , welfare , excellence (= %{zreyas} L.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; obtaining , acquisition (= %{Apti} , %{prA7pti}) L. ; a god , deity. W. ; N. of Agni S3Br. ; of a deity attending on Rudra and frequently connected with S3arva (later N. of S3iva or a form of S3iva ; or N. of a Rudra , and as such of the number 11 or of the 11th lunar mansion Gol. Var. Sch. ; du. %{bhavau} = Bhava i.e. S3iva and his wife Bhava1ni1 BhP. ; cf. Va1m. v , 2 , 1) AV. &c. &c. ; of the 1st and 4th Kalpa Cat. ; of a Sa1dhya VP. ; of a king MBh. ; of a son of Pratihartr2i VP. ; of Viloman ib. ; of a rich man Buddh. ; of an author Cat. ; n. the fruit of Dillenia Speciosa L. ; = %{bhavya} , %{bhaviSya} , %{bhAvana} L.

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videha mfn. bodiless , incorporeal ; deceased , dead (also %{videha-prA7pta}) MBh. R. BhP. &c. ; (%{a4}) m. (cf. %{vi-degha4}) N. of a country (= the modern Tirhut) S3Br. &c. &c. ; a king of VсVi-deha (esp. applied to Janaka) Up. BhP. Ra1jat. ; N. of a medical author (also called %{-pati} , or %{-hA7dhipa}) Cat. ; (%{A}) f. the capital city of VсVi-deha i.e. Mithila1 L. ; (%{As}) m. pl. the people of VсVi-deha ; %{-kaivalya-prA7pti} f. the attainment of emancipation after death Madhus. ; %{-jA} f. `" daughter of Janaka "'N. of S3i1ta1 R. ; %{-tva} n. bodilessness (acc. with %{gataH} = deceased , dead) R. ; %{-nagara} n. (Cat.) , %{-rI} f. (Ragh.) the city of Mithila1 ; %{-pati} , lord of MсMithila1 ; %{-mukti} f. deliverance through release from the body Ra1matUp. (%{-ti-kathana} and %{-ty-Adi-kathana} n. N. of two treatises) ; %{-rAja} m. a king of VсVi-deha R. ; %{-hA7dhipa} see %{viheha} ; %{-hA7dhipati} m. = %{-ha-rAja} Hariv.

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120

prakRti f. `" making or placing before or at first "' , the original or natural form or condition of anything , original or primary substance (opp. to %{vi-kRti} q.v.) Pra1t. Nir. Jaim. MBh. ; cause original source Mn. MBh. S3ak. &c. ; origin , extraction Mr2icch. ; nature , character , constitution , temper , disposition MBh. Ka1v. Sus3r. &c. (ibc. and %{-tyA} ind. by nature , naturally , unalterably , properly Pra1t. S3rS. Mn. &c.) ; fundamental form , pattern , standard , model , rule (esp. in ritual) S3rS. ; (in the Sa1m2khya phil.) the original producer of (or rather passive power of creating) the material world (consisting of 3 constituent essences or Gun2as called %{sattva} , %{rajas} and %{tamas}) , Nature (distinguished from %{puruSa} , Spirit as Ma1ya1 is dсdistinguished from Brahman in the Veda7ntas) ; pl. the 8 producers or primary essences which evolve the whole visible world (viz. %{a-vyakta} , %{buddhi} or %{mahat} , %{ahaM-kAra} , and the 5 %{tan-mAtras} or subtle elements ; rarely the 5 elements alone) IW. 80 &c. ; (in mythol.) a goddess , the personified will of the Supreme in the creation (hence the same with the S3akti or personified energy or wife of a deity , as Lakshmi1 , Durga1 &c. ; also considered as identical with the Supreme Being) W. IW. 140 RTL. 223 ; (pl.) N. of a class of deities under Manu Raibhya Hariv. ; (in polit.) pl. a king's ministers , the body of ministers or counsellors , ministry Mn. MBh. &c. ; the subjects of a king , citizens , artisans &c. ib. ; the constituent elements or powers of the state (of which are usually enumerated , viz. king minister , alies , treasure , army , territory , fortresses Mn. ix , 294 ; 295) ; the various sovereigns to be considered in case of war (viz. the %{madhyama} , %{vijigISu} , %{udAsIna} and %{zatru} ; to which should be added 8 remoter princes , viz. the %{mitra} , %{arimitra} , %{mitra-mitra} , %{arimitra-mitra} , %{pArSNi-graha} , %{Akranda} , %{pArSNigrAhA7sAra} , %{AkrandA7sAsa} ; each of these 12 kings has 5 Prakr2itis in the form of minister , territory , fortresses , treasure and army , so that the total number of Prakr2itis may be 72) Mn. vii , 155 ; 157 Kull. ; (in gram.) the crude or elementary form of a word , base , root , an uninflected word Sa1h. Pa1n2. Sch. Vop. ; N. of 2 classes of metres Col. ; (in arithm.) a co-efficient multiplier ib. ; (in anat.) temperament , the predominance of one of the humours at the time of generation W. ; (with %{tritIyA}) the third nature , a eunuch MBh. ; matter , affair Lalit. ; the male or female organ of generation L. ; a woman or womankind L. ; a mother L. ; an animal L. ; N. of a woman Buddh. ; N. of wk.

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